中国:可作为保健食品原料和药物使用[2],目前盐酸氨基葡萄糖有专属的药品标准。
美国:氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐是美国国家营养中心协会(NNFA)批准的膳食补充剂。美国药典 USP-NF 收录了氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐、氨基葡萄糖片剂、氨基葡萄糖&氨基葡萄糖软骨素&二甲基砜片剂等标准[3]。
欧盟:对氨基葡萄糖的健康声称进行评估后,认为现有数据尚不完全支持氨基葡萄糖对维持关节健康的声称[4.5]。
加拿大:氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐被列入加拿大自然存在的健康产品,可作为膳食补充剂使用,可使用的功能声称为维持软骨健康和有助于关节健康6.7]。
澳洲:将氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐纳入补充药物(Complementary medicine)目录,可用于保健食品原料[8]。
日本:葡糖胺盐酸盐属于“除非表明药品的功效效果,否则不判断为药品的成分本质(原材料)”。氨基葡萄糖盐类可以作为食品原料,对骨关节炎可能有效。适当摄取可能是健康的,孕妇和乳母应避免使用。源自海洋生物的氨基葡萄糖类有可能在甲壳类过敏的人身上引发过敏反应[9]。
参考文献:
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【4】The United States Pharmacopeial Convention. United States Pharmacopoeia 40/National Formulary 35 [S]. Washington: The United States Pharmacopeial Convention, 2016.
【5】European Food Safety Authority. Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of a health claim related to glucosamine and maintenance of joints pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC)No 1924/2006 [J]. EFSA Journal, 2011, 9 (12): 2476.
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【7】HealthCanada.GLUCOSAMINEHYDROCHLORIDE[EB/OL].(2008-12-19)[2022-4-19].
http://webprod.hc-sc.gc.ca/nhpid-bdipsn/atReq.do?atid=glucosamine.hydrochloride&lang=eng.
【8】Health Canada. GLUCOSAMINE SULFATE [EB/OL]. (2022-04-09) [2022-4-19].
http://webprod.hc-sc.gc.ca/nhpid-bdipsn/at Req.do?atid=glucosamine.sulfate&lang=eng.
【9】Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Health and Aged Care. Therapeutic Goods Act 1989[EB/OL]. (2000-03-22) [2022-4-19].
https://www.tga.gov.au/legislation-listing/therapeutic-goods-listing-notice-2000-no-1.